Other intelligent pig tools use electromagnetic acoustic transducers to detect pipe defects. Pig receivers and launchers are also essential to the pipeline pigging process. The receiver, also called a pig catcher, acts as a point to remove the pig from the line as well as any debris the pig has knocked loose. [12] At all other times, the pig is shuttled up and down the pipeline at the end of each transfer, and the pipeline is never opened up during process operation. The pig is pushed either with a gas or a liquid; if pushed by gas, some systems[10] can be adapted in the gas inlet in order to ensure pig's constant speed, whatever the flow pressure is. More complex systems exist for inspecting various aspects of the pipeline. (PSF) near Columbus, Ohio.[16]. While buildup in a pipeline can cause transmittal slows or even plugging of the pipeline, cracks or flaws in the line can be disastrous. B    Pipeline Pigs are loaded into a launching station known as a pig launcher. Product sampling at the receipt point is faster with pigs, because the interface between products is very clear; the old method of checking at intervals to determine where the product is on-specification takes considerably longer. Gelled diesel is commonly used as a carrier of corrosion inhibitor in gas lines. Based on these factors a type of pig tool is chosen. V    Safety during pigging relies on strict adherence to safety procedures, which give detailed description of a safe valve operating sequence. They usually do not interrupt production, though some product can be lost when the pig is extracted. [7][8] "PIG" is used as a backronym from the initial letters of the term "Pipeline Inspection Gauge".[3][1]. When used with conventional pigs, gelled pigs can improve overall performance while almost eliminating the risk of sticking a pig. Foam pigs come in many shapes and sizes, all of which are designed for different applications and purposes. PIG stands for Pipeline Integrity Gas. Today, pipeline pigging is used during all phases of the life of a pipeline. Spherical pig tools are either solid spheres made from polyurethane foam or inflatable spheres inflated using glycol and water.eval(ez_write_tag([[580,400],'enggcyclopedia_com-box-4','ezslot_0',108,'0','0'])); They are also known as 'intelligent pig tool' or 'smart pig tool'. There are inherent risks in opening the barrel to atmospheric pressure so care must be taken to ensure that the barrel is depressurized prior to opening. A form of flow assurance for oil and gas pipelines and flowlines, pipeline pigging ensures the line is running smoothly. Gel pigs are a series of gelled liquid systems which have been developed for use in pipeline operations, either during initial commissioning, or as a part of a continuing maintenance program. Most pipeline gels are water-based, but a range of chemicals, solvents, and even acids can be gelled.

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