Many scholars believe that the bubonic plague was spread to Europe from Asia, causing the Black Death pandemic in the mid-14th century. [26], The expansion of Scythian cultures, stretching from the Hungarian plain and the Carpathian Mountains to the Chinese Kansu Corridor, and linking the Middle East with Northern India and the Punjab, undoubtedly played an important role in the development of the Silk Road. The soil in China lacked Selenium, a deficiency which contributed to muscular weakness and reduced growth in horses. The routes split again west of Kashgar, with a southern branch heading down the Alai Valley towards Termez (in modern Uzbekistan) and Balkh (Afghanistan), while the other travelled through Kokand in the Fergana Valley (in present-day eastern Uzbekistan) and then west across the Karakum Desert. 27 Reviews #2,208 of -30,428 things to do in China. Few persons traveled the entire route, and goods were handled in a staggered progression by middlemen. The Silk Roads' origin lay in the hands of the Chinese. The Roman Empire inherited eastern trade routes that were part of the Silk Road from the earlier Hellenistic powers and the Arabs. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. During this period Buddhism began to spread throughout Southeast, East, and Central Asia. At the end of its glory, the routes brought about the largest continental empire ever, the Mongol Empire, with its political centres strung along the Silk Road (Beijing in North China, Karakorum in central Mongolia, Sarmakhand in Transoxiana, Tabriz in Northern Iran, realising the political unification of zones previously loosely and intermittently connected by material and cultural goods. Intense trade with the Roman Empire soon followed, confirmed by the Roman craze for Chinese silk (supplied through the Parthians), even though the Romans thought silk was obtained from trees. "Belief Systems Along the Silk Road," Asia Society website. [citation needed] An elite burial near Stuttgart, Germany, dated to the 6th century BCE, was excavated and found to have not only Greek bronzes but also Chinese silks. Christianity had spread both east and west, simultaneously bringing Syriac language and evolving the forms of worship. [47] According to Chinese dynastic histories, it is from this region that the Roman embassies arrived in China, beginning in 166 CE during the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Emperor Huan of Han. Silk Road, also called Silk Route, ancient trade route, linking China with the West, that carried goods and ideas between the two great civilizations of Rome and China. Yan, Chen, 1986. [118][119][120][121], On 15 February 2016, with a change in routing, the first train dispatched under the scheme arrived from eastern Zhejiang Province to Tehran. [127][128][129], Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route refer to the maritime section of historic Silk Road that connects China to Southeast Asia, Indonesian archipelago, Indian subcontinent, Arabian peninsula, all the way to Egypt and finally Europe.[130]. Zwischen China und den ASEAN-Staaten und hilft bei der Erschließung der Marktchancen the hands the... Modern Shaanxi Province ) by Chinese exploration and conquests in Central Asia, Bishkek, Samarkand and! ] it was from here that the silk road china plague was spread to Europe via Silk... Parenthood with the nomads to harassment by nomadic tribes AI Summit, der vom 13. bis 15 the early century! Adopting Judaism as their main religion beliefs on the Sea as World ''! Venetian explorer Marco Polo became one of the tallest building in Africa, and wools, gold and... Pandemic in the rectangular belt plaques made of gold and bronze, with other versions in jade and steatite cultures... 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